Patriots, Loyalist, and the Neutral Ones Stuck in the Middle Free Essays

Patriots, Loyalist, and the Neutral Ones Stuck in the Middle Today’s America is known for many things; however, one of the things it is notorious for is being a free country. Becoming a free country did not come without many trials and tribulations. The freedom that the American people now have grown so accustomed to started with fierce opposition not only from Britain, but from many of the Englishmen who lived in American colonies. We will write a custom essay sample on Patriots, Loyalist, and the Neutral Ones Stuck in the Middle or any similar topic only for you Order Now The people that supported Britain throughout the American Revolution are referred to as Loyalists. On the other side of the spectrum, the people that strongly opposed Britain’s rule and King George III are known as Patriots. Patriots fought against the acts that Britain wanted to enforce and believed the colonies should have independence from Britain. Last there were the people who were neutral. While the Patriots and Loyalists were large in numbers, those in the neutral party were the minority, often suffering hardship due to their stance. Although the Patriots found unity in the beliefs they held towards Britain, they were a blend of people from many different backgrounds. Patriots were a blended group of people from different social classes, from farmers to lawyers. They did not all share the same education level or common interests. The Patriot party was not fueled by people who were seeking their own power just for the purpose of being free. They were a group of people who felt like Britain was unjust in their tactics of rule. During, and immediately after the military conflict, a ferment of ideas — argued and discussed by an assemblage of remarkable men whose likes have rarely been seen — produced an innovative combination of republicanism and federalism that would serve as a model form of government for humankind, offering fresh political opportunities. † (Cowley and Parker 2001) The Patriots were against what they felt was unfair taxation, which was the beginning foundation of â€Å"no taxat ion without representation. Some Patriots felt that loyalty should still be in place towards King George III; however like those who didn’t express similar loyalties, they felt â€Å"that taxes should be regulated by their own legislatures, not by members of Parliament in Great Britain. † (Houghton Mifflin Harcourt 2011) One of their base core values was liberty. However the liberties they wanted or already had experienced, had been threatened by the Britain’s greed. They opposed being held to rules that were not put in place by the population majority. They felt it was only just that the people in the colonies have rules and regulations that they set instead of following everything that Britain desired. Patriots had an overall want for a common good. The poor people would not be held to things the rich would put in place, instead the people of the colonies would find a common unity to benefit all of its inhabitants. Loyalists were a party of people that would closely identify with today’s slogan â€Å"if it isn’t broke, why fix it†. Everyone living in the colonies had adhered to the rules and regulations set forth in Britain before and in their eyes, change was not necessary. Many lacked the desire to rear against a country with so much power. Unlike the Loyalists opposing group, the demographics were much more similar in those that followed the King. Money was a common factor for them and so was the responsibility of being a business owner. Many business owners had links to Britain that tied their livelihood in America to their loyalties they expressed for Britain. Many Loyalists had ties to Britain’s upper-class through marriage and other family. All factors that can solidify the stance many Loyalists chose. They also feared the upheaval that could arise without being under the control of Britain. They had no way of knowing their families would be safe or that their businesses would not be destroyed. They had no reason to be confident there worries might be unjustified when the Patriots resorted to violence. Britain wasn’t only safe because change is hard; Britain was safe because of the orderliness that they maintained. Loyalists also felt it was a moral issue to not be loyal to King George III. In their eyes, they did not have the power to choose and side when their moral beliefs told them their only option was to be loyal to the crown. Finally there was the group that did not take a solid stance on either side of the debate. The neutral party was not necessarily the easier side to be on though. They tried to keep more to themselves and not be as active as others did. They tried to maintain a low profile and stay out of the way. However, by not choosing to be on one side or the other they were looked at poorly by both Patriots and Loyalists. They continued business with Britain, and followed their own protocol they deemed appropriate for themselves. â€Å"Men of good will simply should not rob and butcher one another, they believed, and many felt that the correct stance was to refrain if at all possible from any form of participation. † (Fellman 1990) Note that â€Å"if at all possible† was not always permitted. â€Å"Nearly half of all colonists did not want to take sides. They wanted to remain neutral in the conflict between the British and the Patriots. But they were forced to choose sided once the war began. (Todd 2001) Everyone living in the American colonies during the war felt the effects. Though not all wanted to be involved, nor did many feel the need to participate, it was unavoidable. Men, women, and children shed blood; there was no one who was not impacted. Being a Patriot, Loyalist, or a neutral party was based on differences varying from monetary and social class, right down to fear of chang e; however, there was no difference when comparing the high emotion and the impact experienced during the American War. Works Cited Cowley, Robert, and Geoffrey Parker. Reader’s Companion to Military History. Wilmington: Houghton Mifflin Harcourt, 2001. Fellman, Michael. Inside War: The Guerrilla Conflict in Missouri During the American Civil War. Oxford University Press, 1990. Houghton Mifflin Harcourt. 2011. http://www. hmheducation. com/fl/pdf/resources/Grade5/T-5-1_SFLETG713311_TGL08. pdf (accessed September 14, 2012). Todd, Anne M. The Revolutionary War. Capstone, 2001. 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Using Financial Statements To Compute Ratios-Myassignmenthelp.com

Question: Discuss About The Using Financial Statements To Compute Ratios? Answer: Introduction BHP is a pioneer in the resource industry and has its presence in the global arena. It is one of the biggest producers of commodities that have iron ore, copper, coal, etc. Further, it has enhanced its activities to conventional and unconventional oil, coal and gas. It is regarded as the biggest producer of commodities such as iron ore, silver, nickel, etc. The main aim of the company is to own, as well as have an operation on the low-cost assets that are divided by geographical constraint and market. It strives to cater to the need of the customers through its resources and growth. The main aim is to extract oil, gas and other minerals from various locations of Australia (BHP Billiton, 2016). The products of BHP can be traced all around the globe and the major sales can be tracked in Singapore, as well as Houston. The workforce consists of 1, 23,850 employees with other contractors that have its reach to more than 130 destinations (BHP Billiton, 2016). The long-term view of the comp any helps the company to cement a strong position in the market. The operations and movement of the company is a proper indicator of the power and fundamentals of the company and has provided a strong support towards economic growth. BHP Billiton is dual listed and has its headquarters in Australia. The primary or the main listing is on the Australian Stock Exchange. Framework The corporate planning of BHP Billiton is strong enabling the company to meet the challenges that pertain to the external environment and enables to increase the total return. The phase that is starting provides the development of the central case that enables bottom up assessment (BHP Billiton, 2016). The planning process is structured in a manner that enables to elbow many uncertainties that exist globally. Moreover, the framework helps in the structuring of the external factors that contains political, technical and governance. Further, the presence of governance and the compliance process makes it sure that the internal control is assessed and the practices do not suffer (Brealey et. al, 2011). Thereby, the framework is structured in a manner that eliminates the situations that are adverse in nature. Sources of Financing The net debt of BHP Billiton consists of liabilities that bear interest and the in tune to this, the group issued Global bonds that sum to US$ 5 billion and consisted of Senior floating rate notes of value US$500. Further, the group consisted no commercial papers that are supported by credit facilities. In the year 2015, the net financing cash flow enhanced to US$284 that increased sharply from US$8.3 million. The company used a hybrid of multi currency and the lower dividend was paid as per the new structured policies. The main aim of the group is to own, as well operate assets that have large life, low cost, and the new policy that contains diversified by market and geography. The monitoring of the group is due with the aid of gearing ratio, the ratio that can be termed as net debt to net debt in addition to assets. The exposure of the group is present to the interest rate risk on the borrowings that is outstanding and other investments (BHP Billiton, 2016). The management of the i nterest rate risk is done through the strategy of portfolio risk management. The group contains debt that is issued at rates that are fixed in nature. Further, the exposure of the group is even present to the interest rate swaps. The activities of finance comprise of receipts from liabilities that have an interest bearing and other earnings from the debt related tools, liabilities repayment that has an interest bearing tag, the revenue from the ordinary shares, buy back, dividend payment, etc. These are the cash flow from financing activities. Further, the component of equity consists of share capital, reserves, treasury shares and retained earnings. Moreover, the share capital that is issue consisted of shares that were supported by public, preferences and the treasury shares (BHP Billiton, 2016). Capital Structure and Financial ratio The capital structure of any company is denoted through the debt equity ratio, debt ratio, and the equity ratio. In the case of BHP Billiton, it is noted that the proportion of debt is higher in all the five years and has crossed 1 meaning the stress of the debt is high. Further, it indicates that the capital of the company is more concentrated on debt. Hence, a huge outflow of the funds will happen by way of interest. The equity ratio of the company stands below 0.50 which means the company has standard equity balance. Higher the equity ratio the best will be the situation (Davies Crawford, 2012). Overall the capital structure means that more reliance is in debt. Financial ratio As per the computation, it can be commented that the liquidity of the company is strong and hence, BHP Billiton can meet the obligations. The current assets are sufficient to match the current liabilities. Further, both current and quick ratio has increased over the span of five meaning stressing on the strong liquidity position of the company. On the other hand, the gross profit of the company is formidable that indicates the strong control over the cost of sales. However, the net profit margin declined in the current year that is a big alert and negative sign on the part of the management (Horngren, 2013). Rio Tinto Rio Tinto, listed on the ASX is a leading company in the mining field and is completely based on the processing of minerals. It has its presence worldwide and a mining group and mainly emphasizes on mining, as well as processing of mineral resources of the Earth. The goal of the company is to generate high returns that are sustainable in the eyes of the shareholders and hence, establish a portfolio that is efficient in nature. Rio has its presence in more than 35 countries and has a workforce of more than 51,000 people (Rio Tinto, 2016). It has its headquarters in the UK. With a presence on a global scale, the group has efficiency in terms of providing correct expertise. The main achievement of the company is with respect to the sustainable development. The group functions in a manner that is containing long-term benefits for the customers and the society as a whole. Strategic advantages like access to the huge and best quality bauxite make it immensely successful. Trend The position of Rio Tinto stands strong due to the strong balance sheet, assets of world class and containing strong drivers of performance. The talented employees are an asset when it comes to the period of volatility (Rio Tinto, 2016). Along with the strong infrastructure and an emerging economy, the long-term perspective of the industry is strong. The company has strong discipline in terms of capital and has strong tamed the capital expenditure. The capital expenditure was reduced from US$4.7 billion in 2015 to the US $3 billion in 2016. The net debt was decreased considerably from US$13.8 billion to the US $9.6 billion. Framework Rio Tinto is mainly engaged with risk management that is important for the smooth running of the organization. It helps in creation, as well as an increment in the value. The risk structure provides a general idea that the company stresses on leaders for the creation of value by the management of the business. The framework provides a general idea that the risk management is another important aspect on how to create value. It is vital for the smooth functioning of the company (Albrecht et. al, 2011). The importance of identification and management of risk rests with every employee and the leaders in the organization. Finance Sources From the annual report, it is clear that the financial resources or access to the company are not limited or constrained. In 2013, bonds were issued by Rio Tinto. Further, it associated with finance limited that helped in the creation of additional amount that stands at $7.5 billion. Moreover, the group has strong links with the bank and of a bilateral nature. To ensure a strong momentum, Rio issued 1,436,542 shares from treasury and 951 allotments of new shares were done. The purchase by trustees stood at 842000 shares (Rio Tinto, 2016). Further, the registrar purchased 1,089,189 shares so that obligations can be honored. The share capital comprised of reserves retained earnings, and share premium. Also, the financing structure consisted of payment related to dividend from the equity shares, repayment of borrowings, and purchase of interest that appears to be of non-controlling nature. Capital Structure and financial ratio The capital structure of Rio Tinto clearly indicates that it is a debt ridden company as in all the five years the debt equity ratio exceeds 1. This means that the company has an over reliance on debt. The equity ratio projects that the equity is below 0.50 that does not boast a strong picture. Hence, a major chunk of profit will go towards interest payment (Graham Smart, 2012). Financial ratio Going by the computation, it can be commented that Rio Tinto has liquidity as projected by the current and the quick ratio. The current ratio is next to the standard ratio of 2:1 implying a perfect ratio. However, the quick ratio is above 1:1 meaning the funds of the company can be invested elsewhere and income can be generated (Libby et. al, 2011). The gross profit of the company is properly balanced. However, there have been fluctuations in the past five years. However, the net profit margin indicates that the company falters when it comes to the management of expenses. It has fluctuated in all the five years and been negative too. BHP Billiton has higher exposure to Oil and Gas The earnings of Rio is majorly concentrated from the aluminum and iron ore that provides a great contribution to earnings of $1.12 billion and $3.95 billion that was projected in the year 2015 and the total earnings stood at $4.54 billion. It needs to be noted that Rio was linked to operation in copper and coal that led to an inflow of $274 million of segment earnings the previous year. On the other hand, BHP earnings come from the iron ore and have strong fundamentals in coal, as well as copper (BHP, 2016). This indicates that both the companies have a strong concentration on iron ore and even in coal and copper. The presence of energy can be witnessed in the case of BHP while Rio lacks in this regard. The sensitivity of the change in profit to price changes of BHP can be answered through the following. The profit after tax of BHP has increased by $600 million if the crude price will increase by $10 per barrel. In the short-term, the exposure of BHP to energy is inefficient because the crude prices have declined to a considerable extent. Hence, the concentration is one iron ore. Flexibility The balance sheet of both the companies is strong or effective in nature with low cost of production that helps both the companies to cater to the demand of the stakeholders. It enables both these companies to consider the supply that is in excess. Therefore, it can be said that both the companies have strong fundamentals and better results can be attained in this regard (Melville, 2013). Management of Capital When it comes to investors of Rio and BHP it can be said that the investors were dejected owing to the deficit in the capital return. The capital management of BHP is weak and hence, far from attainment of the apex (Northington, 2011). On the other hand, Rio Tinto stresses mainly on the shareholder return. However, the capex of Rio declined at a strong pace as compared to BHP. Strategies of Credit BHP stresses mainly on maintenance of a strong credit rating that is A whereas Rio is ready to forgo one grade of credit rating so that the growth strategies can be executed. Approximately 80% of the Rio earnings is generated through the operations of iron ore and the decline in the prices of iron ore is structural in feature meaning that it does not disturb the momentum of the company (Rio Tinto, 2016). The initiatives of productivity and weakness in the local currency may give support to the company. On the contrary, the prices of shares of BHP are getting swayed by the petroleum product exposure Findings Both the companies are debt ridden and hence heavily rely on debt. Therefore, investment in such companies is prone to risk as the company needs to pay huge interest for the debt undertaken (Lapsley, 2012). The profitability of both the companies has undergone immense change. the fluctuation has happened as it both the companies are under the mineral resource group. The external scenario heavily influences the scenario (Correia al, 2005). If the share price of BHP surges there will be more capital gain to the investors as compared to Rio. The ability to bounce back is more prominent in the case of BHP as it has more strong fundamentals as compared to Rio Tinto. Recommendation The above report signifies that both the companies are into the fierce competition and whenever there is a downfall in the marketing; the market condition of both the countries has plunged. It is, therefore, evident that the market scenario plays a leading role in the progress of the both the company. Going by the overall report, it can be commented that both the companies should not be considered for investment as it is running under huge debt. The ratio analysis is a clear indicator of that. Debt ridden companies are prone to heavy drawbacks and hence, must be avoided. References Albrecht, W, Stice, E Stice, J 2011, Financial accounting, Mason, OH: Thomson/South-Western. BHP Billiton 2016, BHP Billiton Annual Report and accounts 2016, viewed 11 September 2017 https://www.bhp.com/investor-centre/annual-reporting-2016 Brealey, R, Myers, S. and Allen, F 2011, Principles of corporate finance, New York: McGraw-Hill/Irwin. Brealey, R. A, Myers, S. A Marcus, A. J., 2015. Fundamentals of Corporate Finance, 8th ed. Australia: McGraw-Hill Irwin. Correia, C, Mayall, P, O'Grady, B Pang, J 2005, Corporate Financial Management, 2nd ed. Perth: Skystone Investments Pty Ltd. Davies, T Crawford, I 2012, Financial accounting, Harlow, England: Pearson.. Graham, J Smart, S 2012, Introduction to corporate finance, Australia: South-Western Cengage Learning. Horngren, C 2013, Financial accounting, Frenchs Forest, N.S.W: Pearson Australia Group. Lapsley, I. 2012, Commentary: Financial Accountability Management, Qualitative Research in Accounting Management, vol. 9, no.3, pp. 291-292. Libby, R, Libby, P Short, D 2011,Financial accounting, New York: McGraw-Hill/Irwin. Melville, A 2013, International Financial Reporting A Practical Guide, Pearson, Education Limited, UK Northington, S 2011, Finance. New York, NY: Ferguson's. Rio Tinto 2016, Rio Tinto Annual Report and accounts 2016, viewed 11 September 2017 https://www.riotinto.com/documents/RT_2016_Annual_report.pdf

Androstenodione Essays - Major League Baseball, Baseball

Androstenodione This past year a lot of things have happened in the world. President Clinton could possibly be impeached. Our government tried to once again take over Sadaam Hussein. And Mark McGwire hit 70 home runs to break Roger Maris' record of 61. During this extraordinary event in the baseball world, one item of skepticism clouded the entire accomplishment. During an interview that he was giving next to his locker, a reporter noticed a bottle on the top shelf. This bottle was filled with a nutritional pill titled androstenedione, a legal dietary supplement that is a testosterone-producing drug that helps the body repair itself after workouts. This repairment, in turn, helps the person taking it build muscle faster. Some sports fans, and some who are not, say that McGwire's record should be discounted due to the use of this pill. I am not one of those people. What he did this year was a personal accomplishment and while the "andro" may have helped a little, Mark did this through years of hard work in the batting cages. As a skinny rookie in 1987, McGwire managed to knock 49 baseballs out of the park. I think that 11 more years experience in the league could provide a player with the experience to chalk up another 21 dingers. Now granted, I can see some skeptics points. Androstenedione is a supplement that has been banned by a number of sports organizations worlwide: the NFL, NCAA, and the International Olympic Committee for example. But Major League Baseball is not one of these organizations. So why then should his record be nixed for breaking a rule that does not even apply in his sport? The answer is he shouldn't. Mark McGwire is a superb athlete who bettered his game by following the rules. He did absolutely nothing wrong in obtaining this once thought of unobtainable record. Another aspect to look at is that Sammy Sosa also had a tremendous year. This Chicago Cub hit 66 home runs this year and he has never touched androstenedione. How hard is it for a fellow slugger to hit 4 more? Not that difficult if you are as high a caliber player as McGwire. Muscle building supplements have been used for years in pro and college athletic programs. Creatine, probably the most popular, is used by virtually every major college in the country. Even your average weight lifter uses it. Androstenedione is just one step higher on the dietary scale, and only by a fraction. A statement was issued by the Cardinal's medical staff concerning androstenedione when the supposed "scandal" surfaced. Now, there is a possibility that it may be a tad biased but keep in mind that the ladies and gentlemen that issued this statement are still doctors. "Androstenedione is a natural substance, which is a natural precursor product of testosterone. It has no proven anabolic steroid effect nor significant side effects. It stimulates slight increase levels for a short period of time (1 hour). Taken approximately one hour before workouts, it may make one's workout more efficient. "Due to current research that locks documentary evidence of any adverse side effects, the Cardinal's medical staff cannot object to Mark's choice to use this legal and over-the-counter supplement." If doctor after doctor repeatedly defends androstenedione as harmless and the FDA approves its use, why all the controversy? Creatine is basically the same thing and is used on a much more widespread basis, yet no one questions its use. Why? I think that partly the reason may be because Mark McGwire is so good and so powerful. Roger Maris' record was never even threatened up until this year. Living in the type of country we do, people needed to find a bad side to everything that is pure. Even if no rule was broken, the public accuses anyway. If legal muscle enhancing products were outlawed and everyone who used them had their records revoked, the standard by which we measure athletic greatness would be considerably lower. Regardless of whether or not Mr. McGwire used a muscle enhancing product or not, he accomplished a spectacular feat. Something legal that he did should not question the validity of that event. It is a sad fact that a sports hero can break a once thought untouchable record and now his name will forever be flawed for no reason at all.

THE LOST WORLD Essays - The Lost World, Jurassic Park, Free Essays

THE LOST WORLD Essays - The Lost World, Jurassic Park, Free Essays THE LOST WORLD by Michael Crichton This story takes place six years after the Jurassic Park disaster. The book starts out with Ian Malcom giving a speach on his theory of extinction at a place called the Santa Fe Institute. As he's talking, a tall man stands up. His name is Richard Levine. He's a paleontologist, and he is fairly wealthy. He interrupts Ian to tell him that he doesn't think dinosaurs are really extinct. He believes there's a lost world on an island somewhere off Costa Rica. "I'm quite serious. What if the dinosaurs did not become extinct? What if they still exist? Somewhere in an isolated spot on the planet?" (5) Ian tells him this is nonsense, and continues on explaining his theory. Outside of the Santa Fe Institute, Ian meets up with his long time friend, Sarah Harding, a well-known biologist who studies large predators in Africa. They discuss what Levine said, and they come to the mutual conclusion that Levine probably doesn't know what he's talking about. Meanwhile, Levine is secretly preparing equipment for a jungle expedition. He enlists the help of a man called Doc Thorne, who was a college engineering professor, but now designs souped-up vehicles for expeditions and searches. He also enlists Doc Thorne's best mechanic, Eddie Carr. Levine has Doc Thorne and Eddie rig a Ford Explorer and a motorcycle to run on batteries. He also has them build reinforced trailers to house biological labs. Levine inspects the equipment and sees that it is satisfactory and almost ready to go. He suggests that instead of testing the prototype vehicles first, they take them directly to Costa Rica to start the expedition. Thorne doesn't like the idea, but because Levine is so enthusiastic, he agrees. Levine sets to leave at midnight from San Francisco, and the expedition is to join him in Costa Rica about forty-eight hours later. As they're finalizing their plans for the trip, a black kid, Arby Benton, about ten years old, wearing glasses and a suit, and a taller white girl named Kelly Curtis walk in and catch wind of the plan and immediately want to go. They had been expecting to go on another small expedition with Levine over their spring break to study fossils having already had permission from their parents. Since they already had permission to be away from home, they decided it wouldn't hurt to go a little farther. Levine, Thorne and Eddie immediately say, "No," thinking that the risk would be too high. Levine leaves later that night for Costa Rica. Back at the Santa Fe Institute, Malcom says goodbye to Sarah, because she is going back to Africa to continue her study of hyenas. As Malcom watches her leave, he decides to go visit his friend Doc Thorne in a day or two. Levine reaches Costa Rica the next day and charters a fishing boat to bring him to Isla Sorna, one of five islands in a chain known as the "Five Deaths." Satellite evidence indicates to Levine that a volcanic island in this area may be home to nests of living dinosaurs. Before Levine leaves for the island, he hires a local guide, named Diego, who visited the island frequently as a child and claims to have knowledge of the island's trails and primitive roads. They set out for Sorna and reach it two hours later. Levine and Diego are forced to climb steep cliffs to reach the plateau at the top of the island. As they reach the top, Diego looks around and confidently tells Levine to follow him. Diego leads the way to a stream where Levine stoops down to take a drink. In the undergrowth around him, he notices several small, chicken-sized dinosaurs. He recognizes them as procompsagnathuses. Diego also notices them and reaches out his hand to pet them. Levine warns him that even though these dinosaurs are small, it's possible that they could have a venomous bite. Diego quickly pulls his hand back just as one of the dinosaurs jumps at him and tries to bite him. Suddenly, the little dinosaurs begin to chirp and become skittish. They quickly scatter into the underbrush and disappear. Levine looks around worriedly for a some sign of what has frightened the diminuative dinosaurs. As he glances around, he can tell something is wrong, but he can't put his finger on what it is. Suddenly, Diego is jerked from his feet and dragged screaming

Sales promotion and Management Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

Sales promotion and Management - Essay Example For instance, coffee is one of the most valuable import commodities in the whole of the United States of America. To be able to cope with the demand resulting from the popularity of coffee as the most preferred beverage in the world, there have been numerous retail chains that have been established. There has been a remarkable and continued expansion of their operations in the sector. This paper will analyze and critically evaluate the various promotional techniques used in the sector and further evaluate their effectiveness. In addition, the issue of budgeting for the chosen promotional activities and the respective returns will also be discussed. Large self-service retail chains or coffee shops have always provided customers with an experience. This is by the way they provide a wide range of innovative products and services, through well-targeted promotions that have an impact on their buying decisions. Some of the most common promotional techniques that are closely related to product trial include the use of free samples, bonuses, coupons, and discount on purchases and in the shop display. The main reason behind the use of trials is that they determine repurchase behaviour among consumers. In addition, they also mediate in the relationship between sales promotions and repeat-buying behaviour. Repeat-buying behaviour of customers is widely influenced by the values or tastes obtained and perceived on the product or the taste of the coffee in a given retail chain as commonly stated by many. Additionally, the product characteristics, knowledge, trial, availability and subsequent purchase factors influence the customers towards making re-buying decisions in relation to the type of promotional technique employed by the coffee chains. Moreover, the decision by consumers to re-purchase the products on offer or in this case, revisit the retail chains is largely affected by customers’ level of satisfaction that is obtained from the products. It is also

Operations Issues in Hospitality Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

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Article critique in Higher Education Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Article critique in Higher Education - Essay Example he NSF/PTK project, the credibility of the authors to write about the NSF/PTK project is not as strong as compared to having all the three authors a member of the NSF/PTK project. The qualification of the authors would have been stronger if all the authors are members of the NSF/PTK project. The author of this article mentioned that the article was written to determine the impact of the NSF and PTK project in the quality of the community’s education. It is good that the authors explicitly stated in Table I – Phi Theta Kappa Award-Winning Colleges the name of the seven selected schools, the number of campuses in each school, the number of enrollees and education program students together with its partnered 4-year institution that participated in the study. This information provides the reader a rough idea on where the study in this article was conducted. Funded by the NSF and PTK, the authors explicitly stated that the purpose of the study is to determine the impact or effect of the implemented national project on the 7 selected community colleges including the 4-year partner institutions in strengthening the Science, Mathematics, and technology components of the educational programs in each community college. The authors did not mention any research question or hypothesis in this study. This area is one of the weak points of this study. The article would have been written better by including some research question and/or hypotheses since it would allow the readers to have a critical thinking regarding the main topic of this article. There is no solid literature review in this article. Since two of the authors are professors and the other one is a teacher education instructor, most of the information in this article came from their own idea, perception, and experience in their teaching profession. mentioned that the NSF and PTK project has two rounds of funding wherein the first round is composed of seven mentor teams that worked with 18 selected community